Next, layers of padding are placed over the stockinette to prevent maceration of the underlying skin and to accommodate for swelling. Patient education regarding swelling, signs of vascular compromise, and recommendations for follow-up is crucial after cast or splint application. Compartment syndrome, thermal injuries, pressure sores, skin infection and dermatitis, and joint stiffness are possible complications of splinting and casting. As such, casts provide superior immobilization, but they are more technically difficult to apply and less forgiving during the acute inflammatory stage they also carry a higher risk of complications. Casting involves circumferential application of plaster or fiberglass. Disadvantages of splinting include lack of patient compliance and increased motion at the injury site. Splints are faster and easier to apply allow for the natural swelling that occurs during the acute inflammatory phase of an injury are easily removed for inspection of the injury site and are often the preferred tool for immobilization in the acute care setting. Splinting involves subsequent application of a noncircumferential support held in place by an elastic bandage. Once the need for immobilization is ascertained, casting and splinting start with application of stockinette, followed by padding. The initial approach to casting and splinting requires a thorough assessment of the injured extremity for proper diagnosis. Safety scissors (for casts that go around an entire portion of the body, such as a full head cast).The ability to properly apply casts and splints is a technical skill easily mastered with practice and an understanding of basic principles.A bald cap (optional, needed for life casting a person's head only).Wooden sticks for stirring the materials.For something small, such as a baby's hand, you would need about ½ of a pound. For a full front torso casting, you would need between 8 to 10 pounds. The amount of plaster you will need will depend on the part of the person's body you are casting. For something like a half-torso casting, you might only need 3 rolls. For something like a full head casting, you might need around 7 rolls of plaster bandages. You will need more or less bandages depending on the type of cast you are doing. Plaster bandages (similar to the ones a doctor would use to make a cast).However, for something very small, such as a baby's hand casting, you would only need about 3.5 ounces. For a large project, you would need about 1.5 pounds, such as for a full adult torso cast. You will need more alginate if you are casting a large area of a person's body, and less if you are casting a small area. If you will be life casting a person's teeth, then make sure to get dental alginate. This is what you will mix up to form the molding material. X Research source X Research source Do not attempt to life cast without the required materials or you will not be able to complete the process properly. Some companies even sell kits with everything you need for life casting. Life casting requires a variety of supplies, which you will probably need to get from a special effects company or art supply store.
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